Shaping the Future of European Rail: Regulation, Digitalisation, and Fair Competition The European rail sector is experiencing a rapid transformation thanks to digitalisation. At the same time, policymakers and industry stakeholders navigate the challenges of...

Ticket Distribution in Aviation Innovation is closely linked to air transport, from the development of aircraft technologies to the creation of computer reservation systems. The latter led to the development of global distribution systems (GDSs) that consolidated...

Urban Nodes The European Union is strongly urbanised, with 432 urban nodes identified. This vast array of urban hubs has a significant economic and geographical value. Urban nodes are critical to the TEN-T network, which aims to identify any missing infrastructural...

Rail Capacity Management Rail has a key role to play in making transport more efficient and sustainable in the EU and elsewhere. However, increasing passenger and cargo volumes require investment in infrastructure, and also more efficient track capacity management....

Türkiye as an infrastructure pivot? Between the 2 nd century BC and the 15 th century, the Silk Road, ending in Istanbul, was the main traditional route between China and the Middle East. Europe has developed since the Renaissance and Istanbul (then Constantinople)...